90 - miscellaneous 2 bits

1- an acute attack of migraine can be relieved or aborted by early administration of ERGOTAMINE TARTARATE .

2- normal pH of blood - 7.38 to 7.44

3- 90 to 95 % of all oral malignant tumors is due to SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA.

4- the average duration of normal labour in a primigravida is about 15 HOURS.

5- which of the following is not an antithyroid drug ?

a- potassium perchlorate
b- propyl thiouracil
c- carbimazole
d- propranolol --------------

6- 5 hydroxy tryptamine is increased in

a- carcinoid syndrome------------------------
b- conn's syndrome
c- caplan's syndrome
d- cushing's syndrome

7- lymphomas of the GIT occur most commonly in STOMACH .

8- dangerous ear is associated with

a- attic granulations-------
b- noises in the ear
c- stenosed external meatus
d- central perforation

9- anosmia is a necessary associate with ?

a- lack of taste ---------------
b- tinnitus
c- visual hallucinations
d- fits

10- deep inguinal ring is a deficiency in TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA .

11- biceps reflex - C5 , C6 root value

12- biceps is supplied by MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE (c5 , c6 ,c 7 ) ( lateral cord )

13- muscular supply of the musculocutaneous nerve - biceps , brachialis , corachobrachialis .

14- nerve supply of the brachioradialis ? RADIAL NERVE ( BELOW THE SPIRAL GROOVE )

15- which nerve is the continuation of the lateral cord ? LATERAL ROOT OF THE MEDIAN NERVE .

16- which nerve is the continuation of the medial cord ? MEDIAL ROOT OF THE MEDIAN NERVE .

17- axillary nerve - upper lateral cutaneous nerve of arm

musculo cutaneous nerve - lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

medial cord of BP - medial cutaneous nerve of arm and medial cutaneous nerve of forearm .

radial nerve - posterior cutaneous nerve .

18- the most common presentation of a child with wilm's tumor is ? asymptomatic abdominal mass .

19- nerve supply of INFRASPINATUS ? suprascapular nerve .

20- a 3 year old boy with poor urinary stream . most likely diagnosis ?

a- stricture urethra
b- neurogenic bladder
c- urethral calculus
d- posterior urethral valve --------------------

21- A one year old male child is presenting with poor urinary stream since birth , investigation of choice is ?

VCUG - voiding cystourethrogram .

-pediatric voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is an x-ray examination of a child's bladder and lower urinary tract that uses a special form of x-ray called fluoroscopy and a contrast material.
An x-ray (radiograph) is a painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. Radiography involves exposing a part of the body to a small dose of ionizing radiation to produce pictures of the inside of the body. X-rays are the oldest and most frequently used form of medical imaging.
Fluoroscopy makes it possible to see internal organs in motion. When the bladder is filled with and then emptied of a water-soluble contrast material, the radiologist is able to view and assess the anatomy and function of the bladder and lower urinary tract.
A voiding cystourethrogram enables a radiologist, a physician specifically trained to supervise and interpret radiology examinations, to detect abnormalities in the flow of urine through the urinary tract.
This examination is often recommended after a urinary tract infection to check for a condition known as vesicoureteral (VU) reflux.
About VU Reflux
Urine is produced in the kidneys and flows through the ureter, the tube that carries urine from each kidney to the bladder. A valve mechanism prevents urine from backing up into the kidneys as the bladder gets full. Urine leaves the bladder through the urethra and is eliminated from the body during urination.
In some children, an abnormality in the valve or the ureters allows urine to flow backwards, a condition called VU reflux. In mild cases urine backs up into the lower ureter. In severe cases it can back up into a swollen kidney. Usually, children with this condition are born with it. Other causes include:
blockage to the bladder
abnormal urination with very high pressure within the bladder
incomplete emptying of the bladder
urinary tract infections.
Urinary tract infection may be the only symptom of the problem.
A voiding cystourethrogram cannot evaluate obstruction of flow of urine from the kidneys. Additional examinations are needed if obstruction is suspected.
A voiding cystourethrogram should not be performed while an active, untreated urinary tract infection is present.
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22- a case of nephritis presents with hematuria and hemoptysis . antinuclear membrane antibody is present . likely diagnosis ? GOOD PASTURE SYNDROME .
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23- most important drug used in the maintenance of the patency of ductus arteriosus ? PROSTAGLANDIN E 1 .
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24 - danger area of the face is so called because infection can directly spread to ? CAVERNOUS SINUS .
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25- epistaxis in children is most commonly due to ? NOSE PICKING.
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26- treatment of choice in bronchiolitis ? RIBAVARIN .
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27- virus which most commonly causes acute coryza ? RHINO VIRUS .
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28 - the following renal values reach adult values by the age of 2 years ?
a- GFR----------
b- tubular function ---------
c- concentrating ability -----------
d- number of nephrons
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29- congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis usually presents AROUND 2 WEEKS ( 3-6 WEEKS - OP GHAI )
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30- the following has the most insignificant role as the trigger for asthma ?
a- viral infections
b- weather changes
c - emotional factors
d- food allergens and additives .--------------
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31 - most common mode of treatment for a 1 year old with asthma ? inhaled short acting beta 2 agonist.
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32 - child knows age and sex by 3 YEARS .
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33- 1 year old pinky is admitted with swelling of the left ankle joint . she has two similar previous episodes involving the left knee and right ankle . she has just now started walking . she had no associated fever or major trauma . her bleeding time normal . clotting time prolonged , APTT increased , PT normal . what is the most appropriate diagnosis ?
a- hemophilia A
b- hemophilia B
c- hemophilia C-----------
d- VWD
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- hemophilia C is the only type of hemophilia which can occur in a girl . because it is AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE . hemophilia A and hemophilia B are X linked recessive .
- hemophilia A - VIII factor deficiency / hemophilia B - IX factor deficiency / hemophilia C - XI factor deficiency -----------------
-in hemophilias APTT ( ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME ) is prolonged and all other clotting parameters are normal
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34- type of inheritance of the von williebrand disease ? AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT .
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35- inheritance pattern of familial retinoblastoma - AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
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36- active reabsorption of glucose appears to occur in the ?
a- PCT-----------------
b- DCT
c- loop of henle
d- all
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37- PBI ( PROTEIN BOUND IODINE ) consists protein with triiodothyronine and thyroxine .
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38- absorption of tetracycline from the GIT is impaired by simultaneous administration of?
a- milk---------------------
b- glucose
c- streptomycin
d- vitamin b complex
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39- general sensory supply to the posterior one third of the tongue is by GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE .
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40- the vocal folds are abducted by ? THE POSTERIOR CRICO ARYTENOIDS .
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41- the gland receiving secretomotor fibres from the PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLION ? LACRIMAL GLAND
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42- investigation most useful in diagnosing the small polyps of the uterus is ? HYSTEROSCOPY
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43 - which of the following ovarian tumors secretes estrogen ?
a-- GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR
b- cystic teratoma
c- dysgerminoma
d- arrhenoblastoma
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44- the cardinal signs of inflammation was postulated by ? CELSUS
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45- drug of choice for treating life threatening hypertensive crisis is ? fenoldopam or nitroprusside or diazoxide or labetalol --- check
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46 - the appropriate treatment for breast abscess ? incision and drainage
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47- which of the follwing is not an ovarian neoplasm ?
a- mucinous cystadenoma
b-papillary cystadenoma '
c- fibroma
d- corpus luteum cyst ----------------------
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48- oriental sore is caused by ? LEISHMANIA TROPICALIS
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49- SALBUTAMOL - beta 2 agonist
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50 - the immunoglobulin that crosses the placental barrier ? Ig G
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